Course Map: Tumor-like Lesions: Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis
This is usually a solitary lesion within the lamina propria and, occasionally, also the superficial zone of the muscularis propria [52,101]. It is an ulcerated and nodular or polypoid lesion which bleeds readily and, cystoscopically, is not distinguishable from carcinoma. On the microscopic slide the amyloid material presents a fragmented or "shattered" appearance (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3). With polarization of the Congo-red sections there is an apple-green birefringence (Fig. 4). Bladder amyloidosis is almost invariably a localized process - unassociated with systemic disease.
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	Figure 1: The fragmented appearance of amyloid deposits.
	Figure 2: The fragmented appearance of amyloid deposits, showing a striking polypoid mucosal contour
	Figure 3: The fragmented appearance of amyloid deposits, showing epithelial hyperplasia and hemorrhage.
	Figure 4: Polarized Congo red stain showing apple-green birefringence.